Minimally Invasive Keyhole Gallbladder Surgery

At Digestive & Liver Surgery, Dr Victor Lee Tswen Wen and Dr Tan Ek Khoon, both Senior Consultant Surgeons, perform approximately 120 to 150 gallbladder surgeries each year. We operate at Gleneagles Hospital, Mount Elizabeth Orchard Hospital, Mount Alvernia Hospital and HMI Medical Centre, and for most patients we use a reduced port (3-port) keyhole technique.

Pain in the upper abdomen, especially after eating fatty meals, may be a sign of gallstones or an inflamed gallbladder. When symptoms persist, it may be time to seek treatment.

At Digestive & Liver Surgery, our surgeons treat gallbladder conditions using minimally invasive keyhole gallbladder surgery, also known as laparoscopic gallbladder removal.

Understanding Gallbladder Issues

The gallbladder is a small organ located beneath the liver on the upper right side of the abdomen. It stores bile, a digestive fluid that helps your body break down fats during digestion.

However, when bile does not flow normally or deposits form inside the gallbladder, you may experience pain, inflammation, or digestive problems.

Several conditions can affect the gallbladder and interfere with its normal function, including:

  • Gallstones: Hardened deposits of bile that form in the gallbladder and may block the flow of bile
  • Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder, often caused by gallstones blocking the bile ducts
  • Gallbladder cancer: A rare condition where malignant tumours develop in the gallbladder

Why Choose Digestive & Liver Surgery for Keyhole Gallbladder Surgery

Our clinic performs approximately 120 to 150 gallbladder surgeries each year.

Digestive & Liver Surgery is a liver, gallbladder, bile duct and pancreas practice. The main serious risk in gallbladder surgery is injury to the bile duct. Because the bile duct and liver are our area of expertise, difficult biliary anatomy and bile duct complications are managed within the same team rather than referred elsewhere.

Dr Victor Lee Tswen Wen and Dr Tan Ek Khoon are both Senior Consultant Surgeons. Dr Lee specialises in major surgery of the liver, gallbladder, bile duct and pancreas. Dr Tan trained in the United States and specialises in transplant oncology and advanced cancer surgery using laparoscopic and robotic techniques.

We operate at four hospitals: Gleneagles Hospital, Mount Elizabeth Orchard Hospital, Mount Alvernia Hospital and HMI Medical Centre.

In the majority of our patients, we perform a reduced port (3-port) laparoscopic cholecystectomy rather than the standard four-port technique.

Because the procedure is minimally invasive, recovery is often quicker than with traditional open surgery. For planned (elective) cases, some patients may be able to return home on the same day or the following day after surgery.

How to Prepare Before Surgery

Before your surgery, we’ll review your medical history, symptoms, and any imaging tests to confirm that keyhole gallbladder surgery is appropriate for your condition. This consultation also allows us to explain the procedure and answer any questions you may have.

You may be asked to stop eating or drinking for several hours before the operation. Some medications may also need to be paused or adjusted, depending on your health and the medicines you take.

Because the procedure is performed under anaesthesia, you should arrange for someone to accompany you home after the surgery. Our team will provide detailed instructions before your operation to help you prepare and ensure the procedure can be carried out safely.

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the medical term for keyhole gallbladder surgery. In this procedure, the gallbladder is removed using minimally invasive techniques.

During the procedure, we remove the gallbladder using small surgical instruments and a small camera (called a laparoscope) that allows us to view the area inside your abdomen.

Because laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed through several small incisions rather than a large cut during traditional open surgery, it’s considered to be the standard approach for gallbladder removal.

If you’ve been diagnosed with gallstones or ongoing gallbladder pain, we can help you explore your treatment options.

Laparoscopic Gallbladder Surgery Techniques

There are several ways laparoscopic gallbladder surgery may be performed. We’ll determine the right technique based on your condition, the size and location of the gallstones, and the findings during surgery.

Standard Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

In the standard technique, most surgeons create four small entry points (ports), or “keyholes”, in the abdomen: two measuring 10 mm and two measuring 5 mm.

One of the 10 mm openings is used to insert a telescope connected to a video camera so we can clearly view the internal organs during surgery. The second 10 mm opening serves as the main working port for surgical instruments. The two 5 mm openings allow additional instruments to be used to hold and remove the gallbladder safely.

Because of the combination of incision sizes, this method is sometimes referred to as the “10-10-5-5” or four-port laparoscopic technique.

Reduced Port (3-Port) Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

In the majority of our patients, we will perform a reduced port laparoscopic cholecystectomy, where the number or size of the entry points is reduced. For example, the incisions may be reduced from 10 mm to 5 mm, and only three ports may be required instead of four.

This approach may result in less postoperative discomfort and smaller scars, depending on each individual case.

Benefits of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Compared with traditional open surgery, laparoscopic gallbladder surgery may offer several advantages:

  • The procedure is generally less painful for many patients.
  • Only three to four small incisions (5–10 mm each) are required instead of a large abdominal incision.
  • Smaller scars compared with open surgery.
  • Faster recovery, with many patients returning to normal activities within a few days.
  • In some cases, patients may return home on the same day after surgery.

Complex and Complicated Gallstone Cases

Keyhole gallbladder surgery can still be performed in more complicated situations. We assess each case individually and will explain what your situation involves before surgery.

Large Gallstones and Previous Gallbladder Infection

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed even where gallstones are large or where there has been a previous gallbladder infection.
Acute cholecystitis is sudden inflammation of the gallbladder. Keyhole surgery remains possible in these cases.
Some patients have stones that have moved out of the gallbladder and into the bile duct. These cannot be cleared by removing the gallbladder alone. In these cases, we combine ERCP, an endoscopic procedure to clear the bile duct, with keyhole gallbladder surgery. Such patients are well placed to be managed by our team.

In a small number of cases, a surgeon may decide during the operation that it is safer to convert from keyhole surgery to open surgery. This usually happens when inflammation or scarring makes the anatomy around the bile duct unclear. Converting is a safety decision, not a complication, and it is made to protect the bile duct.

We will discuss this possibility with you before your operation so that you know what it would mean for your recovery and hospital stay.

What to Expect After Surgery (Recovery Timeline)

After gallbladder removal surgery, we’ll monitor your condition in the recovery area as the effects of anaesthesia wear off. You may be able to sit up and walk within a few hours after the procedure.

For planned cases, you may be discharged on the same day or the following day, depending on your recovery.

First 24 Hours

You may feel mild discomfort around the incision sites or in the abdomen. Pain relief medication can help manage this, and you will be encouraged to start moving gently to support circulation and recovery.

Many patients are able to resume light daily activities within a few days. You may notice some tiredness or mild abdominal soreness, which typically improves as the body heals.

You may be able to return to normal routines, including work and regular activities, depending on the nature of your job and how you feel. 

During your follow-up appointment, we’ll review your recovery and check that the surgical wounds are healing well.

If you experience persistent pain, fever, or any unusual symptoms after surgery, contact the Digestive & Liver Surgery team for professional advice.

Risks and Complications

Keyhole gallbladder surgery is a commonly performed abdominal operation, and serious complications are uncommon. The risks below are the ones we discuss with every patient before surgery.

Bile Duct Injury

Injury to the bile duct is the most serious complication of gallbladder surgery. Published rates are approximately 0.28%. If it occurs, it is repaired surgically, and repair of the bile duct is within our team’s subspecialist scope.
Outcome trends and safety measures after 30 years of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review and pooled data analysis. Surg Endosc 2018. Pucher PH, Brunt LM, Davies N, et al.

Bile Leak

A small leak of bile can occur after the gallbladder is removed, in approximately 0.46% (same publication as above) of cases. Most are managed with a drain or with an endoscopic procedure rather than further surgery.

Bleeding

Bleeding during or after the procedure occurs in approximately 0.8%(same publication as above) of cases and is usually controlled during the operation.

Wound Infection

Infection at one of the small incision sites occurs in approximately 1.3% (same publication as above) of cases and is usually treated with antibiotics and wound care.

Conversion to Open Surgery

Keyhole surgery is converted to open surgery in approximately 4.2 to 6.2% (same publication as above)of cases. This is a safety decision taken during the operation, most often because inflammation makes the anatomy unclear.

Other risks include blood clots, which are rare, injury to nearby structures such as the liver or intestines, and reactions to anaesthesia.

Before the procedure, we will explain these risks in the context of your own health and answer any questions, so you can make an informed decision about your treatment.

Gallbladder Surgery Cost in Singapore

Keyhole gallbladder surgery in a Singapore private hospital typically costs $19,363 to $31,243 (MOH Singapore website) before MediSave and insurance. The surgeon’s fee is only one part of that total. The Ministry of Health publishes benchmark fee ranges for this procedure, and the figures below are referenced to those benchmarks.
Gallbladder Surgery Cost in Singapore
Gallbladder removal sits under two separate MOH procedure codes, depending on how complicated the case is.
Code What it covers Surgeon fee Anaesthetist fee Hospital fee
SF801G Routine gallbladder removal, open or keyhole. This applies to most patients. $6000 to $8400 (w/o GST) $1300 to $2100 (w/o GST) $8000 to $11,990 (w/o GST)
SF706G Complicated or acute gallbladder removal, for example with severe inflammation or difficult anatomy. $6200 to $9600 (w/o GST) $1400 to $2300 (w/o GST) $9000 to $13,300 (w/o GST)
Source: Ministry of Health Singapore, List of Fee Benchmarks [insert benchmark year]. Benchmarks are a reference range, not a cap, and are not a quotation.

The surgeon’s fee covers the operation itself. It does not include:

  • Hospital charges, including the operating theatre, ward and consumables
  • The anaesthetist’s fee
  • Pre-operative consultation, ultrasound and blood tests
  • Follow-up review after surgery
  • When you come in for a consultation, we will give you a written estimate covering all of these, not just the surgeon’s fee.

Two patients having the same operation can receive different bills. The main reasons are:

  • Complexity of the case. A straightforward elective removal costs less than one involving acute cholecystitis, or one where bile duct stones require ERCP as well.
  • Day surgery or overnight stay. Going home the same day costs less than an inpatient stay.
  • Ward type. A single-bedded room costs more than a shared ward.
  • Which hospital. Charges differ between private hospitals.
  • Keyhole or open surgery. If an operation is converted to open surgery, the stay is usually longer.
Yes. Gallbladder removal is a claimable surgical procedure, so you can use MediSave towards the bill. The claimable amount is set by the surgical procedure table your operation falls under, and is currently $2150 to $2850 based on the surgical tables. MediSave can be used for the portion of the bill that insurance does not cover, and can also be used by an immediate family member on your behalf.

If you hold an Integrated Shield Plan, gallbladder surgery in a private hospital is generally covered, subject to your plan’s ward entitlement, deductible and co-insurance.

Our surgeons are under major corporate and shield panels, listed on our website. Each insurance panel will have different processes for claims, and a Letter of Guarantee, which our clinic can advise on. Before surgery, we will help you apply for a Letter of Guarantee from your insurer, which reduces the amount you need to pay at discharge.

Three things worth confirming with your insurer before surgery: your ward entitlement, your deductible and co-insurance for this claim year, and whether your plan has a pre-authorisation requirement.

Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents can have gallbladder surgery in a public hospital at subsidised rates, with a longer wait and no choice of surgeon. In a private hospital you choose your surgeon and your date, and you can still use MediSave and your Integrated Shield Plan.

Foreign patients are not eligible for MediSave or subsidies. We provide a written estimate before surgery and can arrange the consultation, the operation and follow-up within a single visit where the case allows.
Alongside the operation itself, your total cost usually includes an initial consultation, an ultrasound scan, pre-operative blood tests and one follow-up review after surgery. These are quoted separately from the surgical fee and are included in the written estimate we give you.
Ongoing Gallbladder Pain or Gallstones?

Gallstones can cause recurring pain and inflammation if left untreated. Speak to our surgeons at Digestive & Liver Surgery to determine whether laparoscopic gallbladder removal surgery can help manage your condition.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take to recover from gallbladder surgery?

Recovery from keyhole gallbladder surgery usually takes about one to two weeks for most daily activities, depending on your health and the nature of your work.

After gallbladder removal surgery, bile flows directly from the liver into the small intestine instead of being stored in the gallbladder. While you start to digest food normally, there may be temporary changes, such as mild bloating or loose stools, while your body adjusts.

Quality of life often improves after gallbladder removal when symptoms such as pain and inflammation caused by gallstones are resolved. Many patients find that digestive discomfort and recurring gallbladder attacks no longer occur after surgery.

Yes, a person can live normally without a gallbladder. The liver continues to produce bile for digestion, and many are able to maintain their usual diet and daily activities after recovery.

You may experience mild to moderate discomfort after gallbladder surgery, particularly around the incision sites or in the abdomen. Some patients also notice temporary shoulder pain caused by the gas used during the procedure. These symptoms usually improve within a few days and can be managed with pain relief medication.

Total cost in a private hospital is typically $19,363 to $31,243 (MOH Singapore website) before MediSave and insurance, covering the surgeon’s fee, anaesthetist’s fee and hospital charges. The surgeon’s fee is referenced to the MOH benchmark for the applicable procedure code. Cost varies with case complexity, ward type and length of stay.
Yes. Gallbladder removal is a claimable surgical procedure, and MediSave can be used towards the bill, up to $2150 to $2850 for the applicable surgical procedure table. MediSave can also be used for the portion your insurance does not cover.
Ask three questions: how many gallbladder operations the surgeon performs each year, whether the surgeon manages bile duct problems themselves or refers them on, and which hospitals they operate at. At Digestive & Liver Surgery, we perform approximately 120 to 150 gallbladder surgeries a year and operate at four private hospitals.
Both can perform gallbladder removal. The difference matters when something is complicated. The serious risk in gallbladder surgery is injury to the bile duct, and where stones have moved into the bile duct, the treatment involves the biliary system rather than the gallbladder alone. A surgeon whose practice covers the liver, bile duct and pancreas manages these situations within the same team.
Approximately 120 to 150 gallbladder surgeries each year, performed by Dr Victor Lee Tswen Wen and Dr Tan Ek Khoon.
Dr Victor Lee Tswen Wen and Dr Tan Ek Khoon operate at Gleneagles Hospital, Mount Elizabeth Orchard Hospital, Mount Alvernia Hospital and HMI Medical Centre. Digestive & Liver Surgery holds clinics at all four hospitals, so patients can be seen at whichever location suits their surgery best.

Bile duct injury occurs in approximately 0.28% of keyhole gallbladder operations. It is the most serious complication of the procedure. Where it occurs, repair is a specialist biliary operation.

Outcome trends and safety measures after 30 years of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review and pooled data analysis. Surg Endosc 2018. Pucher PH, Brunt LM, Davies N, et al.

The surgeon makes a larger incision and completes the operation openly. This is a safety decision taken during surgery, usually because inflammation or scarring makes the anatomy around the bile duct unclear. Recovery takes longer and the hospital stay is usually extended, but the operation itself is completed as planned.
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Senior Consultant Surgeon

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6737 8878

Gleneagles Hospital

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